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Objective:To analyze the factors affecting the disappearance time of airway necrosis and repair time of airway scar stenosis in patients with ulceration necrosis tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB Ⅱ) after standardized chemotherapy and bronchoscopic intervention.Methods:The clinical data of 222 TBTB Ⅱ patients admitted to Hunan Chest Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were collected, bronchoscopic interventional treatment was performed on time. The texture, blockage of lumen, granulation proliferation, airway stenosis of TBTB patients before treatment, the disappearance time of airway dead objects, scar repair time and stenosis degree after treatment were followed up. The disappearance time of airway necrosis and repair time of airway scar stenosis and its influencing factors were recorded and analyzed.Results:In 222 patients, 508 ulceration necrosis airway lesions were found under bronchoscopy, with a median of 2(1-6); 170(76.6%) cases of airway lesions had different degrees of stenosis before treatment. 79(35.6%) patients had tough necrosis, and 86(38.7%) patients had necrosis blocking the lumen; 132(59.5%) patients had granulomatosis. The disappearance time of airway necrosis after treatment was 1 to 32 weeks, and M( Q1, Q3) was 6(3, 9) weeks; the repair time of airway scar stenosis was 2 to 73 weeks, and M( Q1, Q3) was 14(10, 19) weeks; after treatment, there were 90.5%(201/222) patients with different degrees of scarring in the airways. Cox multiple analysis showed that the risk factor for the disappearance time of airway necrosis was tough tough necrosis ( HR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.10-2.10); the risk factor for the repair time of airway scar stenosis was the disappearance time of airway necrosis 6-9 weeks ( HR=2.73, 95% CI: 1.84-4.05). Conclusions:90.5% of patients with type Ⅱ TBTB developed airway scar stenosis after treatment. The median time for the disappearance of airway necrosis was 6 weeks, and the median time for the repair time of airway scar stenosis was 14 weeks. In the interventional process, attention should be paid to the removal of tough necrosis and the efficiency of necrosis removal to reduce the risk of airway scar stenosis.
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Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common non-somatic disorder in stroke patients,and the pathogenesis has not been clarified.The PSD can reduce the quality of life and social function for the stroke patients,and shorten the life span of stroke patients.With the development of imaging technology,the new MR imaging techniques and the computeraided whole brain MRI image analyses have been widely used to study the structure,function and metabolic changes of the brain recently.These new techniques and methods can help the scholars to explore the risk factors and related mechanisms of PSD from various perspectives,which is of great significance to understand the PSD.The applications of MRI in PSD were reviewed in this article.
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Objective To investigate the protective effects of curcumin on the cellular model of Alzheimer's disease(AD) and the expression of growth associated protein-43(GAP-43). Methods Aβ25~35 was used to treat the hippocampus neurons of rat and the cellular model of AD was established. The survival rate was detected by MTT assay. The cells were randomly divided into blank control,model,curcumin 10 and 20μmol/L groups. The effect of curcumin on apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry. The pro?trusive length and GAP-43 positive cell rate were detected by immunocytochemistry. The expression of GAP-43 was detected by West?ern blot. Results Compared with the model group,curcumin significantly reduced the toxicity of Aβ25~35,increased the survival rate and decreased the apoptosis rate of the cells(P<0.05). It also significantly increased the average protrusive length,GAP-43 positive cell rate and GAP-43 expression(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion The protective effect of curcumin on the cellular model of AD was likely related to the up-regulation of GAP-43 expression.
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Objective To explore the risk and prognosis factor of cranial nerve injury in non acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)-related cryptococcal meningitis.Methods The clinical data of 115 patients with non-AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis were reviewed retrospectively.Clinical characteristics,initial antifungal therapies and outcome of these patients were analyzed.The risk and prognosis factor was performed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results The incidence of cranial nerve injury was 35.7％(41/115).Among of them,the involved ratio was 48.8％ (20/41),39.0％ (16/41),24.4％ (10/41),12.2％ (5/41),7.3％ (3/41),4.9％ (2/41) in optic nerve,oculomotor nerve,acoustic nerve,abducent nerve,olfactory nerve,facial nerve.Predictive risk factor for cranial nerve injury was duration of diagnosis (OR =1.057,95％ CI 1.003-1.112),low cerebrospinal fluid cell count and intracranial hypertension were also the independent predictive factors (both P ＜ 0.05).In the follow-up peried,72.2％ (26/36) patients who had cranial nerve injury were fully recovered,with a median time of 0.5-24.0 (3.8 ±1.7) months.The independent predictors of recovery were numbers of nerve involved (OR =0.241,95 ％ CI 0.067-0.801,P =0.023) and combination therapy (OR =10.328,95 ％ CI 2.087-51.026,P =0.006).Condusions Cranial nerve injury is common in non-AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis.Delay in diagnosis,intracranial hypertension and low cerebrospinal fluid cell count are independent predictive factors.Less cranial nerve involvement and combination therapy predicts recovery.